How do you find a short in buried wire?

wykubotaguy said:

Engage a qualified electrician equipped with a fault locator, which can accurately identify the location of the fault within inches and provide information on the depth.

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X 2. Locating faults can be straightforward with the proper equipment. Prior to my retirement, I used a similar device regularly.

Issues may arise due to a poor splice, insulation failure possibly caused by manufacturing defects, mishandling, or getting pierced by sharp objects during burial. Faults to earth might not trigger circuit breakers since high earth resistance may lead the breaker to consider it merely a load. This has been observed firsthand. A few years ago, an individual reported steam emerging from his backyard. Upon investigation, we found a noticeable depression in the snow accompanied by a small bubbling pool of water about 6 to 8 inches wide. This was due to electrolysis, which sufficiently warmed the ground to thaw the surrounding area. After ensuring power was cut off, we discovered that the previous owner had a pool house which was removed, but the electrical service was not decommissioned, leaving the bare wires underground. They likely disabled the breaker, but the new homeowner unknowingly reactivated it, thinking it was necessary.

X 2. Fault locating can be straightforward with the right instruments. Before retiring, I was accustomed to utilizing a similar setup. While it could simply be a poor splice, the issue could also arise from insulation defects created during manufacturing or damage sustained while it was being buried. It is possible for a fault to ground without triggering a breaker if the earth resistance is sufficiently high for the breaker to recognize it only as a load... that has indeed occurred. A few years back, a homeowner reported steam ascending from his backyard, prompting us to investigate. We found a hole in the snow, and a small pool of bubbling water, perhaps about 6-8 inches wide... an electrolysis issue, perhaps? It warmed the area enough to thaw the ground and melt snow, but it definitely wasn't boiling... After ensuring the power was shut off, I discovered that the former homeowner had a pool house that had been demolished but had left the electric service below ground with bare ends. They probably just shut the breaker off and left it there, but the new homeowner switched it back on, unaware of its purpose and thinking it must be operational.

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At present, I am assessing the TDR method, yet straining to obtain the crucial component 74AC14. I do possess a surplus of 74HC14, but should I infer that the HC variant is inadequate in rise time?

Among the methods I have tried is sending a 60 HZ signal through the wire and employing an AM radio to pinpoint the cable. This approach yielded surprisingly effective results; however, I anticipated that a distinct change in radio noise would reveal the precise break location. I suspect we are gradually closing in on the break zone, yet the varying burial depth and the likely irregular nature of the break are making the AM radio technique a bit too ambiguous for a definitive location.

Hand digging in this soil is certainly not pleasant, therefore an accurate pinpointing of the break is essential.

Additionally, I considered introducing a very high voltage through the wire, which aligns with several prior suggestions. I have constructed a Cockcroft Walton multiplier circuit from an old laser printer and may set it up to determine if there is any radio noise detectable at the break.

Thank you for all the suggestions.

Jerry

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