Bus Air Conditioning Unit Basic and Installation - TKT HVAC

Understanding Bus Air Conditioning Units: Basics and Installation Guide - TKT HVAC

For detailed insights, please visit our website.

This article provides comprehensive information regarding bus air conditioning units, covering the following topics:
1. Types of AC used in buses
2. Steps for installing bus air conditioning units
3. Definition of a bus air conditioning unit
4. Overview of how the HVAC system operates in a bus
5. Role of AC in a bus.

Types of AC in Buses

To begin, let's look into the bus models. Diesel buses are most prevalent and typically utilize an engine-driven air conditioning unit. This option offers a strong cooling capacity and is budget-friendly. However, it is not functional when the bus is parked. If stationary use is required, we advise opting for a Sub Engine Bus Air Conditioning unit, which comes at a higher cost.

Next, we have mini buses. These vehicles usually select one or two 12v/24v mini bus air conditioning units. This choice provides a lower cooling capacity, making it ideal for regions that do not experience extreme heat.

Lastly, modern electric buses utilize high-voltage batteries as their energy source. They possess substantial battery capacity, easily accommodating bus air conditioning requirements whether in operation or at rest.

TKT HVAC, known as busthermo, ranks among the top three bus air conditioner manufacturers in China. Established with extensive OEM customization and production experience, we offer a variety of solutions to effectively address your cooling needs for coaches. We welcome your inquiries for further discussion.

Steps for Installation of Bus Air Conditioning Units

Components of the Air Conditioning Unit

1. Opening: Ensure the bus roof opening aligns with the air conditioner's opening size.
2. Cleaning: Thoroughly clean the bus roof for a tidy installation.
3. Sealing: Apply insulating sealing foam around the roof air discharge and return air openings to ensure tight seals.
4. Securing: Identify all bolts and shock-absorbing rubber pads’ corresponding positions, securing them with sealant.
5. Installation: Raise the bus air conditioning unit. Once in place, use the appropriate mounting holes and bolts for security, applying additional sealant to reinforce the installation.
6. Interior Check: Inspect the bus's interior to verify that the seals are compacted and that sealant is evenly applied with a minimum thickness of 3MM for enhanced sealing.
7. Final Cleaning: After installation, clean the internal components of the air conditioning unit and correctly attach the top cover.

Pipe Installation (Drainage and Refrigeration Lines)

1. The air conditioner's evaporation chamber features drainage openings. After connecting the drainage hose, secure it within the air ducts on both sides of the bus roof, leading it outside. Ensure the drainage pipes are not pinched and avoid contact with sharp edges during installation.

2. For refrigerant line installation, gradually loosen the joint between the evaporator and condenser to allow precharged dry nitrogen to escape. Connect the refrigeration lines to both units appropriately, applying refrigeration oil to the sealing rings for proper contact.

Compressor Installation

Secure the compressor to the bus chassis, ensuring all bolts are tightened. Adjust the shock absorber spring and attach the compressor clutch to the bracket. Link the drive belt from the compressor to the bus engine, ensuring it is adequately taut. Other piping sections should be affixed using clamps and kept clear of heat sources to maintain their integrity and longevity.

Final Check

1. Introduce nitrogen into the system to check the refrigeration system’s integrity before filling it with refrigerant.
2. Verify that all connections are secure and installed correctly.
3. Activate the air conditioning system and monitor its performance, listening for unusual sounds and noting any irregular vibrations.
4. After operation, reassess the pressure and temperature to guarantee they stay within expected parameters.
5. Conclusively, conduct a thorough cleanup and review to confirm the installation is entirely complete.

Overview of Bus Air Conditioning Units

A bus air conditioning unit refers to the system installed within a bus. Its operational principle parallels that of home air conditioners, but it must accommodate the vehicle's movement and potential jolts. Thus, more stable and reliable refrigeration technologies and materials are necessary to ensure passenger comfort.

The unit typically comprises a compressor, condenser, evaporator, piping system, and an electronic control mechanism. The condenser and evaporator are usually positioned on the bus’s roof, while the liquid reservoir, dry filter, and expansion valve are housed within the evaporator. The air conditioning controller is typically located on the dashboard.

Condenser in a Bus Air Conditioning Unit:

The condenser acts as a heat exchange component, transforming the high-pressure, high-temperature gas expelled by the compressor into a liquid by dissipating heat to the environment.

In the condenser, the refrigerant disperses heat to the surrounding air. As the refrigerant travels through the tubes, it cools and condenses into a liquid, while the ambient air also warms up, assisted by the condensing fan's airflow.

Evaporator in a Bus Air Conditioning Unit:

The evaporator serves as the heat-absorbing component, enabling the vaporization of the refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve, thereby inducing cooling.

When air circulates through the evaporator core, the refrigerant absorbs heat, leading to a cooling effect for the air. Additionally, to prevent water droplets from forming on the evaporator core, which could be drawn into the cabin, a hydrophilic coating is applied to the outer surface of the core.

For bulk purchases, please reach out to us for assistance.

HVAC System Functionality in Buses

The bus air conditioning unit operates through a cycle comprising four processes:

A. Compression Stage: The evaporator absorbs heat, transforming the refrigerant into a low-pressure gas. After being compressed by the compressor, the gas becomes high-pressure and high-temperature before entering the condenser.

B. Condensation Stage: The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser, where it releases heat to the surrounding air, facilitated by the condenser fan, and subsequently transitions into a high-pressure liquid.

C. Throttling Stage: After passing through the liquid receiver and filter dryer, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is reduced in pressure and temperature by the expansion valve, yielding a mix of low-temperature liquid and gas that returns to the evaporator.

D. Evaporation Stage: The refrigerant, now low-pressure, vaporizes within the evaporator, absorbing cabin heat while producing condensation water. The refrigerant reverts to a gaseous state to be recycled back into the compressor, continuing the refrigeration cycle.

As the compressor operates continuously, this refrigeration cycle perpetuates, efficiently removing heat from the bus interior and ensuring a comfortable environment.

Functions of an AC Bus

The benefits are primarily noticeable in several key areas:

1. Enhanced Air Quality: The air conditioning system helps circulate fresh air, eliminating stale air from the bus, consequently reducing dust, carbon dioxide, and harmful bacteria to provide a pleasant atmosphere for passengers.

2. Increased Passenger Comfort: During peak summer, the air conditioning regulates the internal temperature to a comfortable level, significantly improving the riding experience.

3. Eco-friendly and Energy Efficient: With advancements in new energy buses, air conditioning designs focus on minimizing energy consumption and environmental impact.

TKT Bus Air Conditioner

TKT HVAC was founded with a commitment to excellence. Our cutting-edge cooling technology and manufacturing techniques ensure optimal refrigeration and heat transfer efficiency. Prioritizing energy efficiency and environmental responsibility, we are your top choice.

Contact Us:
Phone: +86
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TKTHVAC/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/tkt-hvac
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@TKTHVAC

SONGZ Product Page