Hypophosphorous Acid Solution CAS 6303-21-5

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(1)Hypophosphorous acid(HPO2, 50%), CAS 6303-21-5
Density:1.206g/ml,1L=1.206kg, Package:12kg/Box,

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Hypophosphorous acid solution, named water, cas 6303-21-5. n inorganic compound with chemical formula HO2P, is a colorless oily liquid, a strong reducing agent, or deliquescent crystal, easy to absorb moisture. It is decomposed into phosphoric acid and phosphine when heated to 130 ℃. Sulfuric acid oxidation at high temperature produces sulfur dioxide and sulfur. Dissolved in ether, the aqueous solution is acidic. Hypophosphorylation can reduce heavy metal salt solution to metal. When heated to 130 ℃, it is decomposed into orthophosphoric acid and phosphine, which can be used as a bactericide, a strong agent for the nervous system, a treatment agent for the metal surface, and a catalyst and hypophosphite.

Chemical Formula

H3O3P

Exact Mass

82

Molecular Weight

82

m/z

82 (100.0%)

Elemental Analysis

H, 3.69; O, 58.54; P, 37.78

The X-ray study confirmed that hypophosphoric acid (H2PO-2) is a tetrahedron, with two kinds of hydrogen directly connected to phosphorus. The structure is as follows: this molecule has three hydrogen atoms, but only one hydroxyl group, so it only has a monobasic acid. The hypophosphoric acid in the aqueous solution is a moderately strong acid, Ka=10-2 (25 ℃). Within the temperature range, when heated to 130 ℃, decomposition occurs mainly in the following disproportionation reactions:

1. Hypophosphorous acid solution deposition reaction:

The products include oxidation products such as diphosphine and phosphite. Hypophosphite is easily dissolved in water and ethanol. The dilute solution at normal temperature does not react with oxygen in the air, and decomposes at 100 ℃ in alkaline medium:

H2PO-2+OH-→HPO-3+H2。

2. This product is a strong reducing agent and a weak oxidizing agent, which can reduce Cu2+, Hg2+and Ag+, such as

4Ag++H3PO2+2H2O=4Ag ↓+H3PO4+4H+.

3. The strong reducing agent itself is reduced to phosphine phosphine. Commonly used reagents in pharmaceutical industry include arsenic, zirconium, separated tantalum, niobium, etc. Barium hypophosphate is formed by the reaction of white phosphorus and hot concentrated barium hydroxide, and barium hypophosphate is precipitated by adding sulfuric acid and Ba2+.

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(H2PO2)2+H2SO4=BaSO4↓+2H3PO2。

Hypophosphite is obtained by vacuum evaporation and low-temperature crystallization.

1. Strong reducing agent, used to prepare sodium hypophosphate, calcium hypophosphate and other hypophosphates.

2. Used for electroplating bath, pharmaceutical and general reagent.

3. It is used for the reduction of diazonium salt (removing diazo group) and the reduction to eliminate the halogen on the aromatic ring of polynitro compounds.

4. Hypophosphite is used as arsenic, zirconium, separation of tantalum, niobium and other reagents, and strong reducing agent is used in pharmaceutical industry. Hypophosphite is a very strong reducing monobasic acid, with ionization constant K=8 × 10-2。 When preparing hypophosphite, commonly used supplements such as sodium salt, manganese salt, iron salt, etc.

Hypophosphorous acid solution synthesis:

1) Reaction of yellow phosphorus with barium hydroxide

Hypophosphite is generally prepared by the reaction of yellow phosphorus and barium hydroxide, and the addition of sulfuric acid to remove barium. However, the solubility of barium salt is small, and the concentration of the prepared hypophosphite is not high, and it needs to be concentrated, recrystallized and purified.

3) Electrodialysis

The principle of electrodialysis is that after the electrodialysis tank is energized with direct current, the positive and negative chambers produce the following reactions:

The positive chamber and the negative chamber are separated by an anionic membrane and a cationic membrane. After direct current is applied, the positive and negative ions move to the negative and positive electrodes respectively. The anionic membrane only allows the negative ions to pass through, and the cationic membrane only allows the positive ions to pass through. At the same time, the positive electrode electrolyzes water to release oxygen and hydrogen ions, which combine with the dialyzed hypophosphite to form hypophosphoric acid, and the negative electrode releases hydrogen to release hydrogen, The electrodialysis method is simple and suitable for large-scale production. There is no waste water and residue, but the purity of the product should be further improved.

A commonly used method for preparing phosphite and hypophosphite anhydrides in the laboratory, with detailed steps as follows:

1. Prepare experimental supplies

Phosphorus block: Cut high-purity white phosphorus into small pieces and place them in a porcelain dish.

Oxygen: High purity oxygen for use.

High temperature furnace: A furnace that can withstand high temperatures and is used to heat phosphorus blocks.

Acid burette: used to measure the acidity of the product.

Salt lake reagent: used for separating hypophosphate and hypophosphate.

Water: used to cool reaction products and dissolve products.

Porcelain dish: used to hold phosphorus blocks.

Gloves, goggles, and laboratory coats: used to protect the experimenter's own safety.

2. Experimental steps

(1) Cut high-purity white phosphorus into small pieces and place them in a porcelain dish.

(2) Place the porcelain dish in a high-temperature furnace, heat it to high temperature, and maintain this temperature for a period of time to fully oxidize the phosphorus block. During this process, phosphorus reacts with oxygen to form phosphite anhydride or hypophosphite anhydride. The chemical equation for this reaction is:

4P + 3O2 → 2P2O3. P2O3 refers to phosphite anhydride.

(3) Inject high-purity oxygen into a high-temperature furnace and continue to react with phosphorus to generate hypophosphorous anhydride. The chemical equation for this reaction is:

4P + 5O2 → 2P2O5. P2O5 is hypophosphorous anhydride.

(4) Quickly remove the reaction products and cool them in water, while collecting the gases released during the cooling process. At this point, phosphite anhydride or hypophosphite anhydride will react with water to generate corresponding acids. The chemical equation for this reaction is:

P2O3+3H2O → 2H3PO3 (phosphite) or P2O5+3H2O → 2H3PO4 (hypophosphite).

(5) Place the cooled reaction product into an acid burette and titrate with a standard solution of known concentration to obtain the acidity of the product. The chemical reaction that occurs in this step is an acid-base titration reaction, where the standard solution in the burette undergoes a neutralization reaction with the generated acid. The amount of acid generated can be calculated based on the titration amount and concentration.

(6) Separate using salt lake reagents based on acidity to obtain hypophosphate and hypophosphate. The specific separation method may vary depending on the type and quality requirements of the desired product, but usually it utilizes the solubility or ion exchange properties of different substances in the solution for separation.

(7) Analyze and record the experimental results. Based on the experimental products and data, conduct chemical analysis to determine the composition, content, and quality indicators of the products, and record the experimental results.

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